Umhlahlandlela wamaphampu kakhonkolo, amathuluzi kanye nokuphepha kwendawo yemisebenzi

Ukupompa Ukhonkolo

Amacebiso Okuthela Ukhonkolo NgamaphampuEkuthelweni kukakhonkolo okuvamile, umgomo wakho uwukubeka ukhonkolo eduze ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni oya kuyo ekugcineni—hhayi nje kuphela ukulondoloza isikhathi sokudonsa nokukhulisa ukukhiqiza, kodwa futhi nokugwema ukuphatha ngokweqile ukhonkolo.Kodwa emisebenzini eminingi yokhonkolo, iloli elilungele ukuxutshwa alikwazi ukufinyelela endaweni yokusebenza.Uma ubeka igceke likakhonkolo elinesitembu egcekeni elingemuva elibiyelwe, indawo yokuhlobisa ngaphakathi esakhiweni esivalekile noma usebenza esakhiweni esiphakeme kakhulu, kufanele uthole enye indlela yokuhambisa ukhonkolo usuka elolini uye endaweni yokubeka. kuyindlela ephumelelayo, ethembekile neyongayo yokubeka ukhonkolo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukhonkolo ezindaweni ezithile.Kwezinye izikhathi, ukukhululeka kanye nesivinini sokumpompa ukhonkolo kwenza kube indlela eyonga kakhulu yokubeka ukhonkolo.Ekugcineni, ukutholakala kalula kwabaxubi bamaloli kufanele kukalwe ngokumelene nokufiseleka kokubeka iphampu eduze nendawo yokubeka.

UHAMBA KANJANI UKHONSI EMUGQWENI WOKUPHUPHUMA

Lapho ukhonkolo umpontshwa, uhlukaniswa nezindonga zomugqa wepompo ngongqimba lokuthambisa lwamanzi, usimende nesihlabathi. Ngokwemvelo, ingxube kakhonkolo kufanele ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa kwayo, kodwa futhi kufanele ibe namanzi anele ukuze ingxube ihambe kalula. ngokusebenzisa izinciphisi, ukugoba namapayipi atholakala ekusetheni amapayipi okuyisisekelo.Iziqalo zamaphampu zinganciphisa kakhulu izinkinga ezihambisana nokumpompa ukhonkolo futhi zisize imigqa yokumpompa ukuthi ihlale isikhathi eside.Kubalulekile ukuthi zonke izingxube zikakhonkolo zicaciswe “njengezimpompa” ngaphambi kokuthululwa kukakhonkolo.Kukhona amamiksi angampompi nhlobo noma abangele ukuthi imigqa yepompo ivaleke.Lokhu kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu uma unamaloli angu-8 afika emsebenzini alungele ukukhipha ukhonkolo.Bona okwengeziwe mayelana nokukhipha okuvimbekile.UKUSIZWA OKUFANELEKILE IMIGQA KANYE NEZINSIZWAUkuze kuthuthukiswe umsebenzi wokumpompa ukhonkolo, ukucushwa okusebenza kahle kakhulu kwesistimu kufanele kunqunywe.Ukucindezela komugqa okulungile kufanele kunqunywe ukuhambisa ukhonkolo ngezinga elithile lokugeleza epayipini lobude nobubanzi obuthile.Izici ezinkulu ezithinta umfutho wepayipi yilezi:

Izinga lokumpompa

Ububanzi bomugqa

Ubude bomugqa

Amabanga avundlile naqondile

Ukucushwa, okuhlanganisa izigaba ezinciphisa

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lezinye izici okufanele licatshangelwe lapho kunqunywa ingcindezi yomugqa, okuhlanganisa:

Ukukhuphuka okuqondile

Inombolo nobukhulu bokugoba

Inani lepayipi eliguquguqukayo elisetshenziswe kulayini

Ububanzi bomugqa: Amapayipi anobubanzi obukhulu adinga ingcindezi yokumpompa encane kunamapayipi anobubanzi obuncane.Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukungalungi ekusebenziseni imigudu emikhulu, njengokunyuka kokuvinjwa, ukubopha kanye nokusebenza okudingekayo.Mayelana nengxube kakhonkolo ngokuhlobene nobubanzi bomugqa, usayizi omkhulu wenhlanganisela akufanele ube mkhulu kunengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yobubanzi bomugqa, ngokuya ngezindinganiso ze-ACI.Ubude bomugqa:Ukhonkolo olumpontshwa ngomugqa uhlangabezana nokungqubuzana nodonga lwangaphakathi. wepayipi.Lapho umugqa umude, yilapho kuhlangana khona ukungqubuzana.Ukuze uthole amabanga amade wokupompa, ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi lensimbi elibushelelezi kunganciphisa ukumelana.Ubude bepayipi elisetshenziswa ekugcineni kwepayipi liyanezela nakubude bomugqa usuwonke.Ibanga elivundlile nokuphakama okuqondile: Uma ukhonkolo udinga ukuya kude noma ngaphezulu, kuzothatha ingcindezi eyengeziwe ukuze ufike lapho.Uma kunebanga elide elivundlile lokulivala, inketho eyodwa ukusebenzisa imigqa emibili namaphampu amabili, lapho iphampu yokuqala ingena ku-hopper yepompo yesibili.Le ndlela ingase isebenze kahle kunomugqa owodwa, webanga elide.Igoba emugqeni:Ngenxa yokumelana okuhlangatshezwane nezinguquko endleleni, ukuhlelwa kwepayipi kufanele kuklanywe ngenani elincane lokugoba ngangokunokwenzeka.Izigaba ezinciphisa:Ukumelana nakho kuzokwanda uma kukhona ukunciphisa ububanzi bepayipi endleleni ehamba ngayo ukhonkolo.Uma kunokwenzeka, kufanele kusetshenziswe umugqa ofanayo wobubanzi.Kodwa-ke, uma izinciphisi zidingeka, izinciphisi ezinde zizobangela ukumelana okuncane.Amandla amancane ayadingeka ukusunduza ukhonkolo ngesinciphisi esingamafidi ayisishiyagalombili kunokusinciphisa ngamafidi amane.

IZINHLOBO ZAMAPHAMPA KAKHONSI

Ipompo ye-Boom: Amaloli ama-Boom amayunithi azimele ahlanganisa iloli nohlaka, kanye nepompo ngokwayo.Amaloli ama-boom asetshenziselwa ukuthululwa kukakhonkolo kuyo yonke into kusukela kuma-slabs namabhilidi aphakeme aphakathi nendawo, kuya kumaphrojekthi amakhulu okuhweba nezimboni.Kunamaphampu aneasi elilodwa, agibele elolini asetshenziselwa ukuhamba kwawo okuphezulu, ukufaneleka kwezindawo ezivalekile, kanye nenani lezindleko/ukusebenza, kuze kufike kumarigi amakhulu, ama-axle ayisithupha asetshenziselwa amaphampu awo anamandla nokufinyelela isikhathi eside endaweni ephakeme. kanye namanye amaphrojekthi amakhulu.Ama-booms alawa maloli angafika ekucushweni kwezigaba ezintathu nezine, ezinobude obuphansi obungavuleki obungaba ngamafidi angu-16 okwenza kube kuhle ukubeka ukhonkolo ezindaweni ezivalekile.Ama-boom amade, anezingxenye ezinhlanu angafinyelela phezulu noma aphume ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-200. Ngenxa yokufinyelela kwawo, amaloli ama-boom ngokuvamile ahlala endaweni efanayo ukuze athele wonke.Lokhu kuvumela amaloli asevele exubile ukuthi akhiphe imithwalo yawo ngqo ku-hopper yephampu endaweni eyodwa emaphakathi, enze ukugeleza kwethrafikhi yendawo yemisebenzi esebenza kahle.Abakhiqizi abaningi banikeza izinketho ezihlukahlukene, ku-chassis nosayizi wepompo, ukulungiselelwa kwe-boom, isilawuli kude, kanye ne-outrigger. ongakhetha kukho.Amaphampu kalayini:Lawa mayunithi ahlukahlukene, aphathekayo ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukumpompa hhayi ukhonkolo wesakhiwo kuphela, kodwa futhi negrout, iziklidi ezimanzi, udaka, i-shotcrete, ukhonkolo onegwebu, kanye ne-sludge. ezihlukahlukene izidingo.Amaphampu kalayini ngokuvamile asebenzisa amaphampu ohlobo lwevalvu yebhola.Nakuba amamodeli amancane ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi amaphampu e-grout, amaningi angasetshenziselwa ukhonkolo wesakhiwo kanye nokudubula lapho ukuphuma kwevolumu ephansi kufaneleka.Zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukulungisa ukhonkolo ongaphansi kwamanzi, ukugcwalisa amafomu endwangu, ukubeka ukhonkolo ezingxenyeni eziqiniswe kakhulu, nokwakha imishayo yebhondi yezindonga zamatshe.Amanye amamodeli aqhutshwa ngamanzi ampompa ukhonkolo wesakhiwo kokuphumayo okungaphezu kwama-cubic wamayadi angu-150 ngehora. Izindleko zamaphampu ane-valve yebhola ziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa futhi kunezingxenye zokuguga ezimbalwa.Ngenxa yokuklama kwayo okulula, ipompo kulula ukuyihlanza nokuyigcina.Amayunithi mancane futhi ayalawuleka, futhi kulula ukuphatha amapayipi. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngamaphampu kalayini, bheka Umhlahlandlela Womthengi Wamaphampu Kakhonkolo. Amabhumu okubeka ahlukene:Amabhomu okubeka ukhonkolo ahlukene angasetshenziswa uma iloli elihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu lingatholakali, noma ezimeni lapho iloli ye-boom ingase ingakwazi ukufinyelela kalula indawo yokuthela.Kuhlanganiswe nephampu kakhonkolo elungile, lawa ma-boom abekayo ahlinzeka ngendlela ehlelekile yokusabalalisa ukhonkolo.Isibonelo, osonkontileka bangasebenzisa iphampu egibele elolini ene-boom yokubeka imodi yayo evamile ingxenye yosuku ekuthelweni kwe-slab noma okunye ukubekwa ezingeni eliphansi. , bese ususa ngokushesha i-boom (ngosizo lwe-tower crane) ukuze ubekwe kude ngokuhamba kosuku.Ngokuvamile, i-boom iphinde ikhwezwe esisekelweni, esingatholakala endaweni engamakhulu amamitha ukusuka epompo futhi ixhunywe ngepayipi.

Uhlaka oluphambanayo: Ukukhwezwa kwesisekelo ngohlaka oluyisiphambano olubhawudiwe.

I-Crane tower mount: I-Boom ne-mast ifakwe embhoshongweni we-crane.

Ukukhweza eseceleni: I-Mast igibelelwe eceleni kwesakhiwo esinabakaki.

I-Wedge Mount: I-Boom ne-mast ifakwe ku-slab yaphansi enamaweji.

Uhlaka oluphambano olune-ballated: Uzimele ophambanayo ophakeme onguziro.Le ndlela ingase futhi isetshenziswe nge-boom efakwe ku-standing mast.